Talking About Fraud is Preventing It

Be vigilant, talk about it with those around you, and learn to recognize different fraud schemes and protection measures.

Anyone can fall victim to fraud, regardless of age, gender, education, or financial situation. Fraudsters target different groups using tactics adapted to their specific vulnerabilities.

The 4 Most Common Types
of Fraud Affecting Seniors:

1."Grandparent" Fraud

This is a telephone scam where fraudsters pose as a family member or close acquaintance (e.g., grandson, long-lost friend, former neighbor) in distress (arrested abroad, in an accident, etc.), urgently requesting a significant amount of money to cover legal fees, repairs, bail, or other expenses.

  • Phone calls or messages pretending to be a family member in distress (usually a grandchild).
  • Urgent scenario: The fraudster emphasizes urgency to pressure you into acting quickly and without thinking.
  • Immediate money request: A large sum of money is demanded (often in cash, via wire transfer, or prepaid cards). Fraudsters may claim that a lawyer, a courier (sometimes even in uniform), or another person will come to collect the money from your home.
  • Request for secrecy: They insist that the victim must not discuss the situation with anyone and should lie about the reason for withdrawing money from their financial institution.
  • Establish a family password with your loved ones to verify identity in case of potential fraud or ask personal questions only your relative would know the answer to.
  • Do not give in to pressure; verify the caller’s identity by directly contacting the concerned family member or others.
  • Never provide personal information, banking details, or especially money to the caller.
  • Help others recognize the signs of fraud. Talk about it with family and friends. Talking about fraud is preventing it!
  • Reporting: Encourage victims to report these frauds to the authorities.

2. "Fake Representative" Fraud

Fraudsters call victims pretending to be a financial advisor or an investigator from a financial institution. They claim fraudulent transactions have been detected on your bank account and promise to help resolve the situation quickly.

They create a false sense of urgency, such as fraudulent transactions or a problem with your account. The fake representative instructs the victim to place their bank card in an envelope and write down their PIN. A courier or representative is then sent to collect the envelope and supposedly return it to the financial institution.

  • Phone calls or text messages claiming to be from financial institutions.

Fraudsters ask you to:

  • Hand over your bank card and PIN in an envelope.
  • Purchase prepaid cards and give them as part of a supposed investigation.
  • Make a money transfer.
  • Confirm personal information.
  • Never provide personal information over the phone or via text message. Government agencies, financial institutions, and the police do not operate this way.
  • Verify the caller’s identity by directly contacting the institution using official contact information, not the details provided by the potential fraudster.
  • Use additional security services such as banking alerts and strong passwords.
  • Reporting: Encourage victims to report these frauds to the authorities.

3. "Romance" Fraud

This scam involves fraudsters exploiting victims’ emotions and trust to extort money or personal information. They create fake profiles on social media, spend time building a relationship, declare their love quickly, then invent urgent financial problems and request money.

  • Fake social media profiles.
  • Emotional manipulation and seduction to gain the victim’s trust.
  • Rapid declaration of love to strengthen the relationship.
  • Urgent financial problems: For example, they may claim they need money for emergency medical care or that they want to visit you but suddenly have an issue with their credit card. The first requests may be small, but over time, the amounts increase with various excuses.
  • Be cautious when adding contacts on social media and avoid sharing personal information.
  • Check profiles for signs of fraud.
  • Suspicious photos: If the profile has only one picture or looks too perfect, it might be fake. Use Google reverse image search to see if it comes from another profile.
  • Check if the profile is new or rarely updated.
  • Look at the number of friends or contacts. A low number of friends, especially if they are scattered worldwide, may indicate a fake profile.
  • Review posts: A lack of engagement on the profile’s posts can also be a red flag.
  • Never send money to someone you met online and haven’t met in person.
  • Reporting: Encourage victims to report these frauds to the authorities.

4. "Urgent Payment" Fraud

This scam creates a false sense of urgency to trick victims into making immediate payments. Fraudsters call or text victims pretending to be from government or financial institutions, claiming an urgent situation such as an arrest warrant or unpaid debt. They demand immediate payment via bank transfer, prepaid cards, or cryptocurrency.

  • Phone calls or text messages impersonating government or financial institution representatives.
  • Elaborate scenarios: Fraudsters use convincing stories to persuade the victim (e.g., you have an arrest warrant, or you have significant unpaid debt).
  • Creating urgency: Fraudsters pressure victims into acting quickly and without verification.
  • Untraceable payment requests: They demand immediate payments via prepaid cards, bank transfers, or cryptocurrency.
  • Never give in to pressure; take time to verify the request’s authenticity.
  • Let your caller ID, voicemail, or answering machine do their job by not answering unknown calls. Fraudulent calls may appear with a name similar to the agency they claim to represent. By not answering, you can listen to the message, verify its authenticity, and make an informed decision without being pressured.
  • Do not make immediate payments without prior verification.
  • Reporting: Encourage victims to report these frauds to the authorities.

FOR MORE INFORMATION ON FRAUD

Here are three reference videos on real-life cases of fraud that have made headlines:

A VICTIM OF GRANDPARENT FRAUD TESTIFIES

The testimony of a victim of a grandparent fraud exposes the damage caused by this scheme, and underlines the importance of exposing fraudsters.

A FRAUD VICTIM SPEAKS OUT

A Saguenay woman is speaking out to raise public awareness of telephone fraud. A stranger recently stole several thousand dollars from her through a particularly effective and credible scheme.

ANOTHER ATTEMPT TO DEFRAUD SENIORS

Local filmmaker Jean-François Blais denounces an attempt to defraud his mother over the phone.

also available

Here you’ll find a section on fraud prevention.

The purpose of this document is to inform you about the various forms of fraud, and to provide you with practical advice on how to recognize and protect yourself against them. You’ll discover essential information on banknote counterfeiting, identity theft and fraud, payment card fraud, and many other common scams.

https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/campaigns/fraud-scams.html

You’ll find out how to recognize a scam, protect yourself against identity theft, report a scam or fraud and confirm whether Service Canada has contacted you.

clinique-cybercriminologie.ca

his is Canada’s first community site for referencing Internet fraud. More than 10,000 are currently listed! The site lets you get information or help if you’re a victim of fraud. Several services are available